Class
Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Molecular Weight
4,813.5 Da
Half-life
~5 days
Purity
≥98% (HPLC)
Form
Lyophilized powder
Storage
2–8°C (refrigerated)
Reconstitution
Bacteriostatic water
Mechanism of action
Tirzepatide is a single-molecule dual agonist that simultaneously activates both glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors and GLP-1 receptors. This dual mechanism produces synergistic effects beyond either pathway alone. The GIP receptor component uniquely contributes to adipose tissue metabolism and may enhance lipid-lowering effects. Unlike selective GLP-1 agonists, tirzepatide's GIP activity may also reduce nausea, improving tolerability at equivalent doses.
⚠️ For Research Use Only — described exclusively for in vitro and laboratory research by qualified researchers. Not for human or veterinary use. Informational only; does not constitute medical advice or imply efficacy in humans.
Research highlights
20.9%
Mean weight loss (SURMOUNT-1, 72 wks, 15mg)
−2.46%
HbA1c reduction at highest dose (SURPASS-2)
Superior
vs Semaglutide in head-to-head SURPASS-2 trial
Dual
Receptor targeting: GIP + GLP-1
Research notes
- SURMOUNT-1 (2022): 15 mg dose achieved 20.9% mean body weight reduction over 72 weeks — landmark result for a pharmacological intervention.
- SURPASS-2: Head-to-head superiority vs Semaglutide 1 mg on both HbA1c and body weight reduction.
- Lipid profile: Significant improvements in triglycerides, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B observed.
- Muscle preservation: Research indicates favorable lean-mass-to-fat ratio vs diet restriction alone.
- GIP component: Hypothesized to contribute thermogenic and anti-inflammatory effects beyond pure GLP-1 action.
